According to the API (American Petroleum Institute) standardized specifications, through the control of the chemical properties and adopting different heat treatments, OCTG pipe is classified into different performances material with more than ten grades.
Types of Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG pipes)
- Tubing pipe
- Casing pipe
- Drill pipe
OCTG Drill pipe – Pipe for Drilling
Drill Pipe normally means the Durable steel pipe used in drilling, standards in API 5DP and API SPEC 7-1.Drill pipe is a heavy, seamless tube that rotates the drill bit and circulates drilling fluid. It allows the drilling fluid to be pumped through the bit and back up the annulus. The pipe can withstand axial tension, extremely high torque and high internal pressure. That is why the pipe is extremely strong and vital in OCTG endeavour.
OCTG Tubing Pipe
OCTG Tubing pipe goes inside the casing pipe because it is the pipe through which oil makes its way out. Tubing is the simplest part of OCTG and it is normally found in the segment of 30 ft (9 m), with threaded connections at both ends. The pipe is either used to transport natural gas or crude oil from the producing formation to the facilities where it will be processed after drilling is complete.
OCTG Casing Pipe
Steel casing pipes are used to line the borehole that is being dug into the ground to get oil. Just like the drill pipe, the steel pipe casing can also withstand axial tension. This is a large-diameter pipe inserted into a drilled borehole and held into place with cement. The casing is subject to the axial tension of its dead weight, the external pressure of the rock surrounding it, and the internal pressure of the purging fluid.
Features for OCTG pipe
All OCTG pipes have a standard requirement of dependable hardness. So, whether it is OCTG tubing, OCTG pipe or OCTG drill pipe, there is a certain required standard that is always about super hardness. To meet the standard, manganese and chromium are used as the main alloys to confirm cohesion and durability. There has been recent developments to eliminate sulfide stress cracking, which is the major problem with manganese and chromium. Alloy and Molybdenum are blended together to overcome the chromium and manganese limitations. So OCTG pipes are now harder than ever, and the fear of sulfide stress cracking has been eliminated.
OCTG is the abbreviation of Oil Country Tubular Goods, it mainly refers to the piping products that are applied in oil and gas production (drilling activities). OCTG pipe normally is manufactured based on API or related standard specifications. It also could be taken as a collective name for Drill pipe, Steel Casing Pipe and Tubing pipe, Couplings, Connections, and Accessories, used in petroleum industries both onshore and offshore.
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